NEWS

This article adopts the following terms and definitions provided by CCS rules and guidelines:

1. Standard operating conditions:

Refers to the working conditions in which the lifting equipment operates when determining the safe working load, including:

(1) When the marine cranes are in operation, the vessel is at a heel of 5 ° and a trim of 2 °;

(2) Working in the harbour (Installed on various types of vessels and fixed/mobile platforms for harbour operations);

(3) The wind speed during the operation of the marine cranes shall not exceed 20m/s, and the corresponding wind pressure shall not exceed 250Pa;

(4) External forces do not constrain the movement of lifting loads;

(5) The nature of lifting operations, that is, the operations' frequency and dynamic load characteristics are consistent with the factor loads specified in this article.

2. Safe working load (SWL):

(1) The safe working load of marine cranes refers to the maximum static load that can be lifted by correctly installed lifting equipment under the designed operating conditions;

(2) The safe working load of detachable components refers to the maximum load that the detachable components can withstand through design and testing. This maximum load should not be less than the maximum load that the detachable components of the marine cranes will experience under a safe working load.

3. Nominal hoisting/lifting speed:

Refers to the average speed of the hook when only the lifting mechanism is used to lift the safe working load.

4. Nominal luffing time:

Refers to the time required to change the safe working load from the maximum working radius to the minimum working radius using only the luffing mechanism.

5. Nominal slewing speed:

Nominal slewing speed: Refers to the speed at which a crane can lift a safe working load and rotate at its maximum working radius when heel by 5°and trim by 2°.

6. Detachable components:

Refers to components that are not permanently attached to lifting equipment, such as chains, triangular eye plates, hooks, pulleys, shackles, swivel rings, steel cable joints, jointed positioning cables, and elastic screw buckles. Suspended beams, hangers, frames, and similar equipment are also known as detachable components.

7. Fixed components:

Refers to lifting equipment components permanently connected to boom, masts or lifting columns, decks, superstructures, and other structural components of ships, such as eye plates, cargo pole forks, and boom supports including shafts, hoops, and embedded pulleys.

8. Factor load:

Refers to the load that should be considered when designing lifting equipment, but does not include wind load, which can be expressed by the following equation:

Factor load=lifting load x operating coefficient x dynamic load coefficient

9. Lifting/hoisting load:

Refers to the sum of the safe working load of the lifting equipment and the self-weight of the moving parts of the lifting equipment. These components are directly connected to the safe working load and perform the same movements as the safe working load during lifting.

10. Operating coefficient:

Refers to the redundancy coefficient given considering the frequency of lifting equipment operations and load conditions.

11. Dynamic load coefficient:

It refers to a coefficient that considers all dynamic load effects during the operation of lifting equipment. After multiplying this coefficient by the lifting load, it represents the load that includes all dynamic load effects acting on the system.

12. Self-weight load:

Refers to the mass of lifting equipment components that are not included in the lifting load.

13. Design stress:

Refers to the maximum stress that lifting equipment components are allowed to withstand under a safe working load as specified in this article. The lifting equipment should be considered to be subjected to both lateral and wind loads under the action of factor loads.

14. Comprehensive inspection:

Conduct visual inspection, supplemented by other methods if necessary, and carefully examine the inspected components to draw safe and reliable conclusions. For this purpose, components or parts should be disassembled and inspected if necessary.

15. External inspection:

Visually inspect and determine if there is any deformation or other defects in the components, such as cracks, excessive wear, and rust.